陕西茶树种质资源抗寒性综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation on the Cold Resistance of 29 Camellia sinensis(L.) Kuntze Germplasm Resouorces in Shaanxi

综合评价陕西茶区原产茶树种质资源的抗寒性,对抗寒性茶树的筛选和利用具有重要意义。以23个陕西地方茶树品种、6个外地引进品种共29份茶树种质为材料,测定离体叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、可溶性蛋白质含量及-10℃冷胁迫条件下电解质外渗率等4个生理生化指标,用主成分分析法结合隶属函数值法综合评价抗寒性。结果表明,抗寒性综合评价值D范围为0.201～0.933,采用最长距离法对D值进行层次聚类分析,强抗寒品种中抗寒性最强的前3个品种为:西乡大河6号、紫阳圆叶种和西乡大河8号,均为原产于陕西的地方品种;弱抗寒品种中最不抗寒的3个品种为:紫阳1号、福鼎大白茶、四川南江种。这些结果说明陕西特有的茶树资源中具有优良的抗寒性种质。

To comprehensively evaluate the cold resistance of the tea germplasms in Shaannxi and to screen most suitable cold resistance tea germplasms in the region. The activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and catalase （CAT）, the soluble protein content and the electric conductivity at a low temperature of 29 tea germplasm resources were detected. A comprehensive evaluation of all germplasms was obtained with principal components analysis and subordinate function analysis.The results showed that the evaluation value D of the germplasms was ranged from 0.201 to 0.933. Based on the cluster analysis, the 29 tea plant germplasms were divided into 3 groups, namely high, medium, and low cold resistance group, respectively. Xixiangdahe 6, Ziyangyuanye and Xixiangdahe 8 belonged to the high cold group, while Ziyang 1, Fudingdabaieha and Sichuannanjiang varieties belonged to the low cold resistance group. The results indicated that some regional tea plant varieties in Shaanxi are excellent cold resistance germplasms.