砂页岩发育的砖红壤上氮和钾素垂直运移特征初步研究

Vertical Leaching Character of N and K Element in Latosol Developed from Sandshale

为探讨砂页岩发育的砖红壤中N、K垂直运移特征,本试验设置施肥和不施肥处理,利用田间大型土壤渗滤装置,抽取在20、60、100和200 cm土层处的土壤溶液,并对其硝态氮、铵态氮、K+浓度变化做连续研究。结果表明:(1)施肥可加剧砂页岩发育的砖红壤中铵态氮、硝态氮和K+的垂直运移,但对硝态氮在土层中垂直运移的深度影响不大;(2)施肥后,在砂页岩为母质的土壤上,硝态氮运移可到200 cm处,需时105 d,铵态氮可运移到60 cm处,需时49～76 d,K+可运移到20 cm处,需时12～17 d。

The objective of this study was to investigate the vertical movement characteristics of N, K in Latosol developed from sandshale. The samples with fertilization treatment of soil solution at vertical depths（20, 60,100, 200 cm）underground and the control with no fertilization soil were collected with a huge field infiltration equipment. The changes on the concentration of nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and K＋were studied continuously for more than 7 months. The results showed that fertilization could intensify vertical leaching of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and K element in the soil, but no significant influence on vertical leaching depth of nitrate nitrogen, while the depth nitrate nitrogen moving to underground was 200 cm in 105 days, and that for ammonia nitrogen and K element was 60 cm in 49-76 days, 20 cm in 12-17 days, respectively.