记一版罕见的历类背甲刻辞

A Set of Rare Lizu Group of Tortoise Shell Inscription

在殷墟甲骨中,历类卜辞几乎都刻在牛胛骨上,这已经是学界的共识。学者虽曾举出一些历类用甲的例子,但这些例子或属伪刻,或为错辨甲骨质料,或是字体分类有误,都不能成立。本文指出,《合》20994是一版罕见的历类背甲,是目前能够确定的唯一的历类用甲之例。该例对全面认识历类使用甲骨的情况、探讨历类用骨习惯的形成,具有重要的意义。

It is commonly agreed in the academia that almost all the oracle bone inscriptions of Lizu group unearthed from the Yin Ruins were made on the Bovine Scapula.In spite of a few cases given by someone trying to prove the inscriptions of Lizu group to have ever been made on oracle bones,yet none of them are reasonably and academically agreed on.They are judged as the fake products,or mistaken for oracle bones or incorrectly sorted by character style.This thesis studies 'He' 20994 as the only piece of identified tortoise shell inscription of Lizu group by far.This case is of great significance for general research of the uses of oracle bones with inscriptions of Lizu group and the usual practice as well.