介入法猴大脑中动脉栓塞模型的制作及评价

The establishment and evaluation of middle cerebral artery occlusion model in monkeys by interventional management

目的探讨介入法猴大脑中动脉栓塞模型的制作及评价。方法选择猕猴13只作为实验动物,经股动脉穿刺插管引入微导管超选至大脑中动脉注入适量自体血栓,分别于术后2 h及24 h行MR检查。结果 13只猴均成功插管至大脑中动脉并栓塞自体血栓。12只表现为大脑中动脉分支减少,部分分支闭塞;2 h弥散加权成像(DWI)可见高信号,T_2WI无异常,24 h复查MR示在相同位置DWI及T_2WI均可见高信号。重度栓塞1只,表现为大脑中动脉主干闭塞,分支广泛减少;2 h DWI可见大片高信号,于术后18 h死亡。结论经股动脉微导管超选择猴大脑中动脉栓塞模型的建立具有操作简单、可重复性好及死亡率低的优点,而栓塞术后2 h的DWI即可显示脑梗死。

Objective To discuss the establishment of middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） model in monkeys and to evaluate its usefulness. Methods A total of 13 healthy adult monkeys （Macaca mulatta） were used in this study as the experimental animals. The model was established by injecting auto- blood clots into middle cerebral artery （MCA） through the inserted micro-catheter to occlude the artery. MR examination was performed at 2 and 24 hours after the embolization. Results Super-selective catheterization of MCA and injection of auto-blood clots into MCA were successfully accomplished in all monkeys. Reduced number of branches of MCA and occlusion of some branches were observed in 12 cases. MRI performed at two hours after the procedure showed that there were high signals on diffusion weighted imaging （DWI） and no abnormal findings were observed on T2WI. Follow-up MRI performed at 24 hours after the procedure demons- trated that high signals could be seen on both DWI and T2WI at the same areas. Severe embolization was observed in one monkey, which was manifested as the occlusion of the main trunk of MCA as well as sparsely distributed branches. On two- hour DWI large area of high signal was observed. This experimental monkey died 18 hours after the operation. Conclusion The middle cerebral artery occlusion model can be effectively established in monkeys by super-selective catheterization of MCA and injection of auto-blood clots into MCA via the femoral artery with a micro-catheter. This technique is easy to manipulate with excellent repeatability and lower mortality. The cerebral infarction can be well displayed on DWI as early as two hours after the embolization.