2009-2011年某教学医院医院感染流行病学特征分析

Analysis of the epidemic features of nosocomial infection in a teaching hospital from 2009 to 2011

目的了解某院医院感染流行特征。方法连续3年采用横断面调查的形式调查该院住院患者,对调查日的所有住院患者的医院感染情况进行床旁调查和病历调查,统一填写调查表。结果 3年医院感染率为4.70%,医院感染例次率为5.01%。3年合计,各科室感染率前3位为重症医学科(35.00%)、层流病房(31.58%)、血液科(15.95%);感染部位构成比前3位为下呼吸道(47.43%)、泌尿道(15.81%)、血液系统(8.82%);病原体前3位为铜绿假单胞菌(13.90%)、大肠杆菌(11.23%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(9.63%)。结论医院感染的主要科室是重症医学科、层流病房、血液科,主要部位是呼吸道、泌尿道、血液系统,病原体以铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌多见。

Objective To know the epidemic features of nosoeomial infection in a university-affiliated hospital. Methods Multiple cross-sectional surveys were undertaken from 2009 to 2011. The survey form of personal case was filled by adopting the method of combining clinical investigation with consuhing the medical records of inpatients. Results Nosoeomial infection rate was 4.70%, while the ease infection rate was 5.05%. The top three departments with high infection rates were the ICU （35.00%）,the Laminar Flow Unit （31.58%） and the Hematology Department （15.95%）. The top three infection sites were the lower respiratory tract （47.43%）, the urinary tract （15.81%） and the blood stream （8.82%）. The most common pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa （13.90%）, Escherichia coli （11.23%） and Staphylococcus aureus （9.63%）. Conclusion The departments of high infection rates were the ICU, the Laminar Flow Unit and the Hematology Department. The major infection sites were the lower respiratory tract, the urinary tract, and the blood stream; the most common pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.