长期高糖高脂饮食对大鼠血压及肝肾功能的影响

Effect of long-term high glucose and lysophosphatidylcholine diet on blood pressure,liver and kidney function in rats

目的:结合高血压与长期高糖高脂饮食的密切联系,采用动物长期高糖高脂饲料喂养,以期得到接近人类病症的生活性高血压动物模型。方法:采用SD大鼠长期高糖高脂饲料(普通饲料、蔗糖、猪油、胆固醇、胆盐按一定比例配比制成)喂养,每天正常饮水,连续30周,建立生活性高血压大鼠模型。于造模0、6、15、21、30周分别采用无创尾动脉法测定大鼠收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MBP);于8、10、12、18、20、24周取血,测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、尿酸(UA)、肌酐(Cr)水平;于7、9、11、16、19、22周进行尿代谢,收集4h尿液,测尿Cr、UA水平。结果:大鼠高糖高脂饲料喂养6周则血压开始明显升高,15周收缩压达到160mmHg;大鼠高糖高脂饲料喂养12周血清ALT、AST、GGT、ALP、TP、ALB、UA、Cr水平升高(P<0.01～0.05),9周时尿液UA水平降低(P<0.01～0.05),16周时尿液Cr水平降低(P<0.01～0.05),提示肝肾功能生化指标出现紊乱;大鼠高糖高脂饲料喂养10周血清中TC、TG含量升高,提示血脂生化指标出现紊乱。结论:采用长期高糖高脂饲料喂养造模法,连续造模15周以上能使SD大鼠的血压升高到一定程度,达到轻、中度高血压水平,同时还能造成肝肾损伤以及血脂异常等伴随症状。

Referring to the relation between hypertension and long-term high glucose and lysophosphatidylcholine diet, we fed the rats with high glucose and lysophosphatidylcholine to gain the model of life-habitual hypertension which is similar to human diseases. Method ： SD rats received high glucose and lysophosphatidylcholine diet and water freely every day for 30 weeks（ chow, sucrose, lard oil, cholesterol, cholate mixed in a certain percentage） to build the rat model of life-habitual hypertension. Blood pressure were measured directly by tail ar- teries in awake rats in 0,6,15,21,30 weeks. ALT, AST, GGT,＇ALP, TP, ALB, TC, TG, UA, Cr activity in serum were detected in 8,10,12,18, 20,24 weeks. Cr, UA activity in urine were detected in 7,9,11,16,19,22 weeks. Result ： After 6 weeks, the blood pressure of SD rats star- ted to rise significantly and the SBP was close to t60mmHg after 15 weeks. ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, TP, ALB, UA, Cr activity in serum in- creased（ P 〈 0.01-0.05 ） after 12 weeks ; UA activity in urine reduced （ P 〈 0.01- 0.05） after 9 weeks and Cr activity in urine reduced（ P 〈 0.01-0.05 ） after 16 weeks, which indicating functional lesion of liver and kidney. TC ,TG activity in urine increased prompting dyslipi- demia. Conclusion ： The method of long-term high glucose and lysophosphatidylcholine diet can increase the blood pressure of SD rats to some extent, which have reached mild and moderate hypertension, and cause functional lesion of liver and kidney and dyslipidemia after more than 15 weeks.