慢性精神分裂症患者认知功能状况及其影响因素研究

Cognitive functions and influencing factors in chronic schizophrenia patients

目的 探讨慢性精神分裂症患者认知功能状况及其影响因素.方法 将60例住院慢性精神分裂症患者设为研究组,抽取同期慢性精神分裂症恢复期患者57例设为对照组,采用连线测验、数字符号转换测验、言语流畅性测验、数字广度测验和汉密顿抑郁量表进行测评分析.结果 研究组汉密顿抑郁量表、连线测验A和连线测验B评分显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）,言语流畅性测验、数字符号转换测验、数字广度测验评分显著低于对照组（P＜0.01）.多元逐步线性回归分析显示：年龄增加对数字符号测验、数字广度测验、连线测验A和B的评分有负面影响;汉密顿抑郁量表评分高是数字符号测验成绩偏低的危险因子;文化程度高、脑力劳动及单药治疗对认知功能具有保护作用.结论 慢性精神分裂症患者认知功能损害与多药治疗、抑郁情绪、年龄增加、文化程度低、非脑力劳动等诸多因素有关,其病情的缓解有助于改善认知功能及抑郁情绪.

Objective To explore cognitive functions and influencing factors in chronic schizophrenia patients. Methods Sixty hospitalized chronic schizophrenics were assigned to research group and 57 selected contemporaneously convalescence ones to control group, assessments carried out with the Trail Making Test （TMT）, Symbol Digit Modalities Test （SDMT）, Verbal Fluency Test （VFT）, Digit Span Test （DST） and Hamilton Depression Scale （HAMD）. Results The HAMD, TMT-A andB score were significantly higher （P〈0.01） and VFT, SDMT and DST lower （P〈0. 01） in research than control group. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that age increasing had negative influence on SDMT, DST, TMT-A and - B score; high HAMD score was risk factor of lower SDMT score; high educational level, intellectual work and mono-drug therapy had protective effect on cognitive function. Conclusion Cognitive impairment of chronic schizophrenic is related to multidrug therapy, depressive emotion, age increasing, low educational level, non-intellectual work and so on, remission of patient＇s condition is conduce to improving cognitive functions and depressive emotion.