精神发育迟滞儿童家属心理健康状况调查

The investigation of the mental health status in families of children with mental retardation

目的 探讨精神发育迟滞儿童家属的心理健康状况,为制定有效的心理干预措施提供依据.方法 将56例精神发育迟滞儿童的父母设为研究组,抽取同期50名健康儿童的父母设为对照组,采用症状自评量表对两组进行测评分析.结果 研究组症状自评量表评分,除恐怖因子分与对照组差异无显著性外,其他因子分均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）;研究组母亲症状自评量表躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子分显著高于父亲（P＜0.05）,强迫、敌对、偏执因子分显著低于父亲（P＜0.05或0.01）.结论 精神发育迟滞儿童对其家属的心理健康有负性影响,对家属积极地开展有针对性的心理干预,有助于缓解压力,改善心理健康状况.

Objective To explore the mental health status in families of children with mental retardation （MR） in order to provide basis for making effective mental intervention measures. Methods Parents of 56 MR children were assigned to research group and ones of 50 healthy children to control group, assessments of both groups carried out with the Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90）. Results Except phobia other factors＇ scores of the SCL 90 were significantly higher in research than control group （P〈0.05） ; in research group, somatization, depression, anxiety and phobia score were significantly higher （P〈0.05） and obsession, hostility and para noia lower （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusion MR children have negative effect on families＇ mental health, active purporseful intervention on families is conduce to relieve pressure and improve mental health status.