早产儿的气质特征研究

Temperament Characteristic in Premature Infant

目的探讨早产对5～36个月儿童气质特征的影响。方法采用5～11个月气质评估表和12～36个月气质评估表分别对早产儿和足月儿各250名进行评定。结果⑴5～11个月气质评估中,两组儿童气质类型分布差异具有显著性(χ2=27.75,P=0.03),在9个气质维度中,早产儿组活动水平明显低于足月儿组(t=3.98,P<0.0001)。⑵12～36个月气质评估中,两组儿童气质类型分布差异无统计学意义,在9个气质维度中,只有节律性早产儿组明显低于足月儿组(t=4.34,P<0.0001)。结论早产儿具有一定的气质特征,需通过改善养育方式进行干预。

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of premature on temperament of children aged 5-36 months. METHODS 250 premature infants and 250 term infants are evaluated and assessed by temperament questionnaire. RESULTS （Din the team of children aged 5-11 months, the difference of temperament distribution was significant between premature infants and term infants（x2=27.75,P=0.03）, term infants were significantly more actively than term infants（t=3.98 ,P〈0.0001）. （2）In the team of children aged 12-36 months, no significantly difference of temperament distribution was found between premature infants and term infants, the degree of term infant rhythm were higher than premature infants. CONCLUSION More attention should paid to the temperament character of premature infant and gives early intervention.