上海市嘉定区2006-2011年水痘疫情流行病学分析

Analysis on Epidemiology of Varicella in 2006-2011 in Jiading District Shanghai

目的了解上海市嘉定区水痘的发病状况。方法对水痘报告和监测资料进行描述性分析。结果嘉定区2006—2011年水痘平均发病率为93.11/10万,发病呈周期性震荡表现。每年发病呈明显季节性变化,高峰为11月至次年1月、4—7月。发病率存在地域性差异,最高为234.08/10万,最低为40.51/10万。监测对象发病年龄多集中在4～10岁,职业以幼托儿童及小学生为主,男性多于女性。结论幼托儿童和小学生是水痘的高发人群,在加强水痘预防知识宣传的同时采用学龄前儿童常规接种以及在学生中补种相结合的策略开展水痘疫苗的接种工作,提高适龄儿童水痘疫苗接种率。高度重视学校等集体单位水痘散发病例处理,加强卫生部门与教育部门的配合。

OBJECTIVE To know the epidemiology of varicella in Jiading District, Shanghai. METHODS Descriptive study on the date of report and surveillance was adopted in this research. RESULTS The average incidence of varicella was 93.11/100 000 from 2006 to 2011, and the incidence came on a periodic concussion performance. There was a significant seasonal change that November to January and April to July are the two seasonal peaks of varieella. Regional differences were found in the incidence, the highest was 234.08/1001300, the lowest was 40.51/100 000. Morbidity age concentrated in the age 4-10 years old, almost all the outbreaks of varicella happened in Kindergarten children and primary school pupils, and men patients were more than women. CONCLUSION Kindergarten children and primary school pupils have a high incidence of varicella. While strengthening the publicity of prevention knowledge about varicella, we should combine the normal immunity in preschool children with the implement immunization program for students in primary and middle school to improve vaccination rate about varicella. Great importance has been attached to varicella in school and other crowded places, and the cooperation should be strengthened between health and education sectors.