黑龙江省近49年地温变化特征及地气温关系初探

Primary Analysis on Change Characteristics of Soil Temperature in Recent 49 Years and Relationship Between Soil Temperature and Air Temperature in Heilongjiang Province

为了研究黑龙江省地温近年的变化特征及地温和气温的关系,对黑龙江省粮食主产区27个气象观测站的1961～2009年的气温、地温数据进行分析。结果表明:黑龙江省近49年来年平均地温在1.8～8.0℃,年平均地温最低出现在1969年,最高出现在2007年。2月15日～10月12日,地温大于气温;11月12日～2月14日地温小于气温,但10月13日～11月11日,则出现地温有时大于气温有时小于气温的波动情况。并利用统计回归方法建立了嫩江、明水、富锦市地温与气温关系模型。

In order to study change characteristics of soil temperature in Recent 49 years and relationship between soil temperature and air temperature,the observation data of the air temperature and soil temperature from 1961 to 2009 of 27 meteorological stations in the main grain production area of Heilongjiang province were analyzed.The result showed that the annual mean soil temperature was 1.8~8.0℃ in recent 49 years,the minimum annual mean soil temperature occurred in 1969 and the highest appeared in 2007.From February 15 to October 12,soil temperature was higher than air temperature.From November 12 to February 14,soil temperature was lower than air temperature.From October 13 to November 11,soil temperature was sometimes higher than air temperature,and sometimes lower than air temperature.It established the relationship models of soil temperature and air temperature in Nenjiang,Mingshui and Fujin city.