张家界不同植烟土壤类型剖面形态特征与养分分布特征

Morphological Characteristics and Nutrient Distribution of Tobacco-planting Soil Profiles in Zhangjiajie

采用野外调查、挖掘土壤剖面、分层取样及室内分析的方法,调查了张家界市不同植烟土壤类型剖面的形态特征及其养分分布特征,为张家界植烟区土壤的合理施肥及优质特色烟叶的生产和布局提供科学依据。结果表明,旱地土壤剖面的土体构型均为A11-A12-C1,水稻土土壤剖面的土体构型为Aa-Ap-W-C;除pH和交换性钙含量随着剖面层次的加深而增加外,其他土壤养分含量均随剖面层次的加深而降低,表现出较强的表聚性特征。5种不同植烟土壤类型中,以黄壤最适宜种植烤烟,其顺序为:黄壤>水稻土、黑色石灰土>紫色土、红壤。

To provide scientific foundation for rational fertilization of tobacco planting soils and the high quality and characteristic tobacco production and planting programming in Zhangjiajie, the soil profile characteristics and nulrient distribution of different types of tobacco-growing soils were studied. Field surveying, soil profiles mining, stratified sampling and laboratory analyzing were applied to the study. The soil body configuration were A11-A12-C1 in profiles of the upland soils; Aa-AF-W-C in profiles of the paddy soil. The soil pH and the contents of exchangeable calcium increased with soil profile depth, white other soil nutrient content decreased with soil profile depth, resulting in topsoil accumulation. In five types of tobacco-growing soils, the yellow soil was optimum of planting fiue-cured tobacco, the tobacco growth preference order was： yellow soil 〉 paddy soil and rendzina 〉 purple soil and red soil.