浙江饮用水源地水环境状况及存在问题分析

Analysis on water environmental quality and problems of drinking water sources in Zhejiang Province

为了对浙江省饮用水水源地的水质状况进行全面评价,依据相关资料,从水质类别、富营养化状态,水体中微囊藻毒素含量、有机物及农药污染状况,酸雨和水体pH值等方面,对浙江省饮用水水源地水环境状况进行了全面分析。分析结果表明:目前影响水源地水质的主要因子是氮和磷,水源地营养化程度呈逐渐加重趋势;有机污染引起的健康风险较小,但剧毒型氨基甲酸酯农药(涕灭威、克百威)检出率较高;水体pH值呈中性偏碱性,酸雨对水体的直接影响表现不明显,但其间接及持续影响不可忽视。针对浙江省饮用水水源地水质安全问题,提出了相应的水质保护建议。

In order to comprehensively evaluate the water quality condition of drinking water sources area in Zhejiang Province, based on relative data, the water environmental condition of Zhejiang Province is analyzed from the aspects of water quality classification, eutrophication, mieroeystin toxins, organic pollutants and pesticides pollution, and acid rain, water pH status. The analysis results show that at present, the main factors affecting water quality are nitrogen and phosphorus, and the trophic level of water gradually increases; health risk caused by the organic pollution is less and within the acceptable level, but highly toxic carbamate pesticides （such as aldicarb, earbofuran） have high detection rates; water pH is neutral to slightly alkaline, so the direct impact of acid rain on water is inconspicuous, while the indirect and continuing impact could not be ignored. In view of the problems of water quality safety of drinking water sources, corresponding countermeasures for water quality protection are promoted.