浅谈声波法技术在采矿中的应用

Discussion on Application of Acoustic Wave Technique in Mining

矿山开采过程中冲击矿压是严重威胁矿井安全生产的动力灾害。随着矿井开采深度的不断增加,冲击矿压的危险和危害也日趋严重。本文通过对弹性波方程的建立与解释,说明岩石的弹性特征决定着开采应力的动态变化,因而采用测定纵横波速的方法可以测定岩体的弹性常数。并且说明了采用声波法在观测记录弹性波传播规律或参数变化来反演出煤岩体的物理力学参数变化,进而进行动力灾害的预测和评价的可行性。指出在21世纪弹性波技术有着极好的应用前景。

In mining process the shock pressure is a power disaster of serious threat for mine production safety.With the increasing of the mine exploitation depth,the dangers and risks of shock pressure are becoming increasingly serious.This article through establishment and explanation to the elastic wave equations,explains that the characteristics of the rock elasticity decides the mining stress dynamics,so as to take the method of measuring the longitudinal and shear wave velocity can determine the rock elastic constant.Using acoustic wave method observes and records elastic wave propagation law or changes of the parameters,inverts for the parameter changes of rock physical mechanics and predicts and evaluates the feasibility of power disaster.