中国食品安全问题的民法视角

Perspective of civil law on food security issues in China

近几年,我国重大食品安全事件频发,不仅损害了社会与经济利益,而且影响了社会发展和稳定。随着《中华人民共和国食品安全法》的出台,我国已基本上建立起食品安全监管体系、食品安全国家标准体系、食品安全风险评估体系等多个法律体系,使食品安全有了坚实的法律保障。我国在食品安全监管中进一步强化民事责任追究制度,并将惩罚性赔偿纳入其中,提高了消费者遭受不安全食品侵权时的保护力度。评析我国食品安全事故的民事责任制度和民事赔偿制度,建议保留综合立法模式、增加民事责任章节,并针对惩罚性赔偿等具体内容提出完善建议。

In recent years,momentous food security incidents occur frequently in China,which not only damage social and economic interests,but also influence social development and stability.Along with the promulgation of Food Security Law of People’s Republic of China,multiple elementary leagal systems are established in China,namely,the food security supervision system,the national food security standard system,and the food security risk assessment system,which provide substantial leagal guarantee for food security.Civil liability back-trace institution is further enhanced during food security supervision in China,and punitive compensation is also included in it,which improve the protecting level of consumers suffered from unsafe food.The civil liability institution and civil compensation institution of food security incidents in China are discussed and analyzed,which educes the suggestion that comprehensive legislation mode should be reserved and civil liability chapters or sections should be added.Perfecting suggestions are correspondingly proposed on detail contents such as punitive compensation,etc.