非水溶性材料包膜缓释氮肥的养分释放特性及其对小青菜产量的影响

Nutrient release characteristics of non-water-soluble material coated slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and its effect on yield of Brassica chinensis

为了研究自制的非水溶性材料包膜缓释氮肥的养分释放规律及其对小青菜产量的影响,采用浸泡试验分析了3种非水溶性材料包膜缓释氮肥(缓释肥料A、缓释肥料B、缓释肥料C)的养分释放规律,同时利用盆栽试验研究了其对小青菜产量的影响。结果表明:非水溶性包膜肥料具有较好的缓释性能,当缓释氮肥包膜率为6%～8%时,通过浸泡试验测得的135 d氮养分累积释放量为32.2%～63.5%;盆栽试验结果表明,施用了3种缓释氮肥的小青菜地上部产量均高于不施氮肥对照,增产幅度为244.90%～406.58%,均略高于施用普通大颗粒尿素的产量;其中缓释肥C处理小青菜产量高,小青菜硝酸盐含量和土壤硝态氮含量低。

To investigate nutrient release characteristics of non-water-soluble material coated slow release nitrogen fer- tilizer, the slow-released patterns of self-made non-water-soluble oil-coated nitrogen fertilizers were analyzed through immer- sion. At the same time, the effects of coated fertilizers on the yield of Brassica chinenais were studied through pot culture ex- periments. The results showed that non-water-soluble oil-coated ammonium nitrate had good slow-released property. When the coating rate of slow release nitrogen fertilizer was from 6% to 8%, the accumulated release of nitrogen nutrients in the period of 135 d was from 63.5% to 32.2%. The aboveground yields of Brazsica chinensis after application of three kinds of slow re- lease nitrogen fertilizers were increased by 244.9% -406.6% compared with the control, slightly higher than that with appli- cation of urea alone. Among the three slow release nitrogen fertilizers; the slow-release fertilizer C was the best to use in Brazsica chinensis in terms of improving yield, decreasing nitrate content and nitrate nitrogen content in soil.