水利坝坡放水建筑物的组成

The composition of the water conservancy dam slope drainage buildings

淤地坝放水建筑物由取水建筑物、放水涵洞、出口消能段组成。取水建筑物采用卧管或竖井,并通过消力池(井)与之连接;放水涵洞位于坝下,一般与坝轴线基本垂直;出口消能段一般砌筑锥体或翼墙与明渠连接,当明渠为缓坡,出口流速较小时,通常采用防冲铺砌与沟床连接,当明渠为陡坡,出口流速较大时,采用消能设施。

Warping dam water drainage buildings consisted of water intake structure,drainage culverts,exporting energy dissipation segment.Water intake structure used a horizontal pipe or shaft,and connected it through the stilling basin（wells）;drainage culverts located under the dam,generally perpendiculared to the basic dam axis;In export energy dissipation,General cone or masonry wing wall connected to the nullahs,when the open channelwas mild,export velocity was smaller（less than 6m/s）,connected to the gully bed through downstream floor.When open channels was steep slope,export velocity is bigger,energy dissipation facilities were used,such as tenergy dissipation by hydraulic jump ortrajectory energy dissipation.