维药薄皮巴旦木和厚皮巴旦木种仁的生药学研究

Study on pharmacognosy of thin and thick endocarp of kernel of Amygdalus communis L.

目的:鉴别薄皮和厚皮巴旦木种仁.方法:采用性状鉴别、显微组织鉴别、解离组织鉴别等方法,比较薄皮巴旦木和厚皮巴旦木的种仁的特征.结果薄皮巴旦木种皮颜色略浅;薄皮巴旦木外果皮较粗糙,厚皮巴旦木外果皮光滑;薄皮巴旦木外果皮较厚皮巴旦木薄,易剥开;内胚乳薄壁细胞中薄皮巴旦木种仁为1-2列、厚皮巴旦木种仁为1列;薄皮和厚皮巴旦木种仁解离特征一致,均含有种皮表皮细胞、子叶细胞、胚乳细胞、螺纹导管.结论:该方法为定性鉴别2种巴旦木的种仁提供科学试验数据.

Objective： To study the pharmacognostic characteristics of thin and thick endocarp of kernel of Amygdalus comrnunis L. Methods： The two crude drugs are compared by microscopy authentication, morphoanatomy and dissociation identification. Results： The thin endocarp of kernel of Amygdalus communis L. is lighter in color than the thick one; the epicarp of it is thin, easier to strip offand coarser than that of the thick one; endosperm cell of it is 1 to 2 row, but the tick one is 1 row; the dissociation identification characteristics are almost the same with epidermic cells of seed capsule, cotyledon, endosperm and spiral vessel. Conelusion： These methods can be used for identification of thin and thick endocarp of kernel of Amygdalus communis L.