论我国环境管理体制中存在的主要问题及其完善

On the Reform and Innovation of the Environmental Control System during the Construction of China's Ecological Civilization

中国的生态文明建设需要环境管理体制的改革与创新。针对现行环境管理体制中存在的不适应生态文明建设要求的主要问题,如环境管理部门的权威性缺失,环境执法和管理的独立性弱,以及环境管理绩效评价的淡化和现行财税制度、环境补偿机制的不完善等。首先,应改革现行环境管理体制,强化管理主体的独立性和权威性,即完善环境管理主体的法律地位,改革现行环境管理机构的隶属关系以及人事、财政管理体制,构建以区域生态环境特点为基础的跨省区环境管理协调机构。其次,应改革现行政府评价体系、财税制度和环境补偿机制,调动各级政府的环保积极性,即切实推动地方政府环境管理绩效评价体系建设,建立环境保护的专门财税制度,完善资源有偿使用制度和生态环境补偿机制。

It is necessary for the construction of China^s ecological civilization to reform and innovate in environmental control system. The main issues that do not fit for the demand are such as the deficiency of authority, the weakness of law enforcement, the lightness of performance appraisal, the imperfection of present financial system and environmental compensation. Firstly, it is necessary to reform the present administration system,and enforce the administrators~ independency and authority. Secondly, it is necessary to reform the performance appraisal system and financial system as well as the compensational system.