某细长轴磨削加工技术分析

Technical Analysis of a Slight Shaft Grinding

细长轴类零件长径比较大(L∶D≥20),加工硬度较高,各技术参数的加工误差要求较严,一般采用磨削加工。加工时容易产生腰鼓、弯曲、锥面等变形,引起尺寸超差,而达不到技术要求。由于磨削加工产生很大的磨削热,对于导热性能差的材料,如果加工中冷却不充分,会使零件产生微量伸长,引起装夹力的改变,对于长径比较大的零件容易产生变形。以南京机电液压研究中心分厂现有设备为基础,针对长径比>40的某细长轴的加工难点进行技术分析,制作专用工装并调整加工参数,从而保证加工要求。

As the slight shaft has bigger aspect ratio（L ： D≥20）, higher processing hardness and more strict technical parameters, this kind of shaft parts generally use grinding. Bulge, bending and cone deformation will happen easily when machining. And that will lead to the size out of tolerance and can/t meet the requirements. Due to the grinding can produce very big grinding heat, the thermal conductivity of materials, processing of inadequate cooling will make the parts produce micro elongation, causing the change of the clamping force. The slight shaft has bigger aspect ratio that is easy to deform. This paper based on the equipments and analysis the difficulty of machining a slight shaft which aspect ratio over 40. It also makes the special tooling and adjusts the parameter of machining to ensure the requirement of machining.