慢性病社区综合防治高血压自我管理效果评价

Evaluation of self-management for hypertension in county in chronic disease integrated control

目的评价高血压自我管理的疾病管理工作模式,在提高患者健康知识知晓率和健康行为形成率方面的效果。方法制定统一调查问卷,对自愿参加宁夏平罗县社区高血压患者自我管理培训的高血压患者,分别在培训前后开展问卷调查。结果培训后患者对高血压的诊断标准、健康危害、危险因素、药物和非药物治疗等相关知识的知晓率分别较培训前显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);每天坚持增加蔬菜和水果的摄入量、每周进行规律性中等强度运动、通过增加锻炼和控制饮食控制体重的患者比例,均高于培训前(P<0.05);饮食习惯偏咸的人数明显下降(P<0.05);居家购买血压计、每周测量血压者的比例显著增加(P<0.05);能经常与医生沟通、自我管理疾病的信心及克服疾病的信心均得到改善(P<0.05)。结论开展高血压自我管理培训在提高高血压相关知识的知晓率、行为改变率和自我效能方面具有显著成效。

Objective To evaluate the effect that the mode of disease management of＂ doctor patient cooperation, mutual patients, and self-management＂ in managing disease. And to improve the rate of patients with health knowledge and health behaviors. Methods Formulated uniform questionnaire, the voluntarily participate hypertension patients with self management knowledge was trained, and a questionnaire before and after was performed. Results After the training, patients with hypertension standard, health hazards, risk factors, drugs and nondrug therapy and related knowledge awareness about hypertension were increased significantly than before （P 〈 0.05）. Added the intake of fruits and vegetables every day, done regular medium strength exercise per week, the percentage of patients that took exercise and diet to control weight were higher than before （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The number of patient with eating habits partial salty decreased obviously （P 〈 0.05） ; Purchasing blood pressure cuff, measuring blood pressure weekly were increasing （ P 〈 0. 05） ; communicating with doctor frequently made the confidence about the manager disease themselves and overcome the disease are improved （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The training of hypertension self - management is very effective in improving the knowledge of high blood pressure awareness, behavior change rate and self- efficacy.