真实与文本:认识论视野下历史图景的建构

The History of Reality from the Perspective of Historical Epistemology

自史学认识论体系建构以来,历史客观主义、历史相对主义和后现代主义史学,一直将真实的历史混同于文本的历史。事实上,文本的历史是人类过往活动"残存信息"的现实反映,它并不能带来镜像历史本身,我们今天所了解和认识的历史是历史认识主体对文本不断解构和建构的结果。真实的历史是一种过去时态,一种曾经,它独立于历史认识主体意识之外,是纯粹超验的"自在之物"。在当下,属于"自在之物"的真实历史不在认识者的研究视野中。因此只有突破人类的认识视界才是我们实现真实历史图景建构的关键,而现代物理学为我们提供了这一可能。

Since the establishment of historical epistemology, the history of reality has been confused with the history of text. In fact, textual history is only the external description of the actual history, that is to say, it doesn＇ t mean what happened in the past. The history we＇ ve learned is actually the reflection of the subject consciously in- filtrating ideology into the object. The history of reality cannot be recreated only on the basis of the historical texts, all of which may be interpreted by modern physics.