车桥耦合振动分析中基于虚拟力的车辆建模方法

Dynamic Analysis Method for Vehicles Based on Force Analogy Method in Coupled Vehicle-Bridge Systems

提出车桥耦合振动分析中车辆建模的一种新方法:采用拟力法,在解除悬挂系统约束的同时将悬挂系统内力作为虚拟激振力施加于原悬挂约束作用点处,使得运动方程左端项对应的特征值问题仅与质量矩阵有关而与刚度矩阵无关,从而能够直接由车辆几何信息和质量信息得到解析表达的刚体模态。在车辆自由度数目较大、车辆种类较多或者需要频繁更改车辆参数的情况下,该方法能够明显节省建模时间和计算量,具有较高的通用性、灵活性和计算效率。某列车与桥梁的多工况耦合振动分析,验证了该方法的正确性。

This paper proposes a new dynamic analysis model of vehicles based on force analogy method in coupled vehicle-bridge systems. Both the primary and secondary suspension system constraint are placed by e- quivalent interaction forces. The corresponding eigenvalue problem is directly related to the mass matrix in- stead of both stiffness and mass matrix in untreated model. By considering the physical significance, the fre- quency and vibration are calculated just according to the geometry and quality information of the multi-rigid- body vehicle model. It has advantages such as low computation and simplified process of modeling when the kind of DOF is large or the parameters of the vehicle are frequently changed. The model is efficient, univer- sal, and extensible. A numerical case of the coupled veicle-bridge system venified the method.