不同群体对医生、护士、患者角色认知的刻板印象

Stereotypes in Role Expectation and Perception of Doctors,Nurses and Patients of Different Papulations

目的了解不同群体对医生、护士、患者角色认知的刻板印象。方法采用便利抽样法选取公众、患者、医生及护士群体共226人,运用自由反应法对不同群体的医患角色认知进行问卷调查。结果不同群体对医患群体的期望角色认知存在多方面的积极为主的刻板印象,对现实角色的认知则有积极、中性和消极的刻板印象;各群体对医患群体的期望角色和现实角色认知间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论各群体对医患期望角色的认知期望高;而沟通不足、内群体和外群体沟通以及传播媒介均可能对医患现实角色认知刻板印象的形成有一定的影响。

Objective To explore the steneotypes in role perception of doctors, nurses and patients of different papulations. Methods A self -reported questionnaire was used to investigate the steneotypes in role expectation and perceptions of doctors, nurses and patients（n= 226）, from the perspectives of different populations using free. Results Stereotypes of role expectation and perception were existing in different populations response method. Multi-dimensional stereotypes of role expectation were concluded, mostly in positive words. While stereotypes of role perception showed both in positive and negative words. Significant difference between role expectation and actual perception among different populations was analyzed（P〈 0.01）. Conclusion High expectation of role perception is present in different populations. The formation of stereotypes of actual doctor-patient role perception is under the influence of insufficient communication, communication between in--group and out-group and communication medias.