栓皮栎不同种源苗期变异与初步选择

Geneti variation and selection among provenience of Quercus variabilis

收集了栓皮栎分布区内25个种源种子,在肥西县花岗镇蔡冲村进行播种育苗试验,对其苗期生长性状、生物量进行测定分析。结果表明,栓皮栎苗高、地径生长均表现"S"形曲线,7—9月中旬为速生期;不同种源栓皮栎除根长存在显著差异外,苗高、地径、高径比、生物量均存在极显著差异;苗高与地径、茎、叶、总生物量呈极显著正相关,地径与根、茎、叶、总生物量也呈极显著正相关,根与茎、叶、总生物量同样呈极显著正相关。主成分分析表明,种源间的差异主要是由生物量和地径决定的。初步筛选出云南勐海、安徽东至、河南信阳、重庆酉阳、浙江杭州、安徽金寨2号、安徽绩溪7个优良种源。

25 provenience of Quercus variabilis seeds were collected from its main distribution area in China. Raising seed-lings experiments were carried out at Caichong Village, Huanggang Town, Feixi County, Anhui Province. Seedling growth traits and biomass were measured. The results showed that Q. variabilis seedling height and ground diameter growth showed an ＂S＂ curve, with July to September as the fast-growing period. Significant differences were observed on height, ground diameter, height to diameter ratio, biomass and roots from different Q. variabilis provenience. Height was significantly positive related to ground diameter, stems, leaves, total biomass. Significant positive correlation was also observed between ground diameter and root, stem, leaves, the total biomass. Similarly, roots were significantly positive correlated with the stem, leaves, biomass too. Principal component analysis showed that the main differences among provenience were decided by the ground diameter and biomass of various parts of the plant. Seven improved provenience, originated from Menghai of Yunan Province, Dongzhi of Anhui Province, Xingyang of Henan Province, Youyang of Chongqin city, Hangzhou of Zhe-jiang Province, No. 2 Jinzhai of Anhui Province and Jixi of Anhui Province, were selected.