北京地区儿童急性下呼吸道感染的病原学研究

Etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children in Beijing

目的 探讨儿童急性下呼吸道感染 (ALRI)的病原学。方法 采用血培养及常用的抗原、抗体检测方法检测 10 2例ALRI患儿常见的致病原。结果 (1) 10 2例儿童ALRI中 ,明确病原诊断的有 6 0例 (5 8.8% )。 (2 )在检出病原的 6 0例中 ,单纯细菌感染 15例 (2 5 % ) ,单纯病毒感染 19例(32 % ) ,单纯支原体感染 8例 (13% ) ,单纯衣原体感染 1例 (2 % ) ,混合感染 17例 (2 8% )。 (3)检出的主要病原 :10 2例ALRI,患儿中 ,呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 2 9例 (2 8.4% ) ,其后依次是肺炎链球菌 17例(16 .7.% ) ,b型流感嗜血杆菌 (Hib) 14例 (13.7% ) ,支原体 11例 (10 .8% ) ,卡他摩拉菌及衣原体急性感染各 2例 (2 .0 % )。结论 RSV是儿童ALRI最常见的病原 ,其次是肺炎链球菌、b型流感嗜血杆菌。

Objective To understand the etiology of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in children in Beijing. Methods To detect the pathogens in 102 children with ALRI, blood culture, antigen detection and antibody assays (latex agglutination text, enzyme immunoassay, micro immunofluorescence test) were applied. Results Evidence of specific microbial etiology was obtained in 60 cases (58.8%) of the 102 patients, bacterial infection was found in 15 cases (25%), viral infection in 19 cases (32%), Mycoplasma Pneumoniae in 8 cases (13%) and Chlamydia pneumoniae in 1 case (2%). Respiratory syncycial virus (RSV) was the most common agent (29 cases; 28.4%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (17 cases; 16.7%), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib, 14 cases; 13.7%) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (11 cases; 10.8%), and Moraxella catarrhalis, Chlamydia pneumoniae were identified in only 2 cases (2.0%) for each, respectively. Conclusion RSV was the most common agent of ALRI, and Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hib were less common etiologic agents for ALRI in children in Beijing area.