新生幼鼠缺血缺氧性脑损伤模型的实验研究

Newborn Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Damage Modeling in Rats

目的探讨缺血缺氧脑损伤的新生鼠功能及形态学改变情况。方法出生7 d的健康Wistar幼鼠25只,分为对照组(n=12)和模型组(n=13)。模型组结扎一侧颈总动脉,置8%氧气、92%氮气缺氧箱内2 h,对照组切开幼鼠颈部皮肤后缝合,不置于缺氧环境。出生4周时进行行为学、水迷宫及病理学检测。结果模型组后足重复间距长于对照组(P<0.05),平衡木通过时间明显长于对照组(P<0.01);水迷宫实验逃避潜伏期明显长于对照组(P<0.01)。大体观察发现,模型组损伤侧脑组织体积变小、萎缩。HE染色发现,损伤侧脑室周围细胞肿胀,细胞数量较对侧少;损伤侧大脑皮层神经细胞明显减少,神经细胞变性坏死,胶质细胞反应性增生。结论应用一侧颈总动脉结合缺氧的方法可复制新生乳鼠缺血缺氧模型。

Objective To model the newborn hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in rats. Methods 25 7-day-old healthy Wistar rats were di- vided into control group （n=12） and model group （n-13）. 2 h after ligating and mutilating the unilateral common carotid arteries, the rats in the model group were put into an airtighted box with the volume fraction of 8% oxygen and 92% nitrogen for 2 h. 4 weeks after operation, all the rats were assessed behaviorally and pathologically. Results The footprint repeat space of rats were larger and more instable in the model group than in the control group （P〈0.05）. The time the rats crossing the balance beam was longer in the model group than in the con- trol group （P〈0.05）. The escape latency of the water maze test was longer in the model group than in the control group （P〈0.05）. The right brain became smaller than the contralateral. HE staining showed that the cells around impaired periventricle were swelling, and cell number was less than the contralateral. The neurons decreased, some degenerated and necrosis neurocytes appeared in the impaired side. Conclusion The model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage has been established.