不同类型公务员养老保险制度的比较研究——以英国、德国、新加坡为例

Comparison of Different Types of Civil Servant Pension Systems——A Case Study of the United Kingdom,Germany,Singapore

根据不同的标准,公务员养老保险制度可以分成不同的类型。根据公务员与其他群体养老保险制度的比较,公务员养老保险制度可以分为完全融合型、完全独立型、部分融合型三类。新加坡、德国、英国是这三类公务员养老保险制度的代表,其制度模式、运行机制、管理体制均有所不同。在公平性与效率性方面,三个国家的公务员养老保险制度各有优劣。三国公务员养老保险制度的比较分析,为中国公务员养老保险制度改革提供了启示:必须与我国国情相结合,必须注意公平与效率的结合,走向部分融合是改革的必然选择。

Based on various criteria, civil servant pension systems can be divided into different types. Based on comparison between civil servant pension system and other population group＇s pension system, the civil servant pen- sion system can be divided into fully integration, complete separation and partial integration. Singapore, Germany and the United Kingdom are examples of these three types respectively, with their system model, operating mecha- nism and management systems being different with each other. In terms of the fairness and efficiency, the civil serv- ant pension systems of these countries have their own advantages and disadvantages. The comparative analysis on the civil servant pension systems of these three countries provides the inspiration for the Chinese civil servant pension system reform：the system must be suitable with the condition of our country and equally address the issue of equity and efficiency. It seems that the inevitable choice of the reform is to move towards partial integration.