世界遗产视野下的自贡盐业遗产

World Heritage Perspective on Salt Mining Heritage in Zigong City

四川省自贡市是中国传统工矿业城市,它因盐业而兴、因盐业而立市,城市中至今仍处处可见盐业发展的历史遗存,列入国家、省、市三级文物保护单位名录的盐业遗产项目就达37项。自贡井盐的制盐技术十分独特,钻井工艺更是现代油井和天然气井的雏形,对人类文明做出了巨大贡献。盐业的生产布局构成了自贡城市的肌理脉络,影响到社会生活的方方面面。以世界遗产为视野,探讨了自贡盐业的历史地理背景、盐业遗产的保护现状、国内外盐业遗产的类项比较,并在此基础上,提出了自贡盐业遗产的保护建议。

As one of the traditional industrial cities in China, Zigong City rose and set up the city government by salt industry. The remains of salt industry can be found everywhere in the city, and 37 salt industry heritage properties are listed into the heritage protection lists of state, province and city levels. The typical technology of well salt mining has contributed greatly to the human civilization, and its well drill skill is the embryonic form of modern oil and gas well. The salt industry distribution made up the frame of Zigong City and influenced every aspect of the local community life. With the world heritage perspective, this paper discusses the historical geographical background and current conservation situation of salt industry in Zigong City, comparatively analyses with similar salt heritage property within the World Heritage List and salt cites in China, and proposes the suggestion for protecting the salt industry heritage in Zigong City.