西南丝绸之路与四川传统多民族聚落的生长和演变解析

Analysis of Southwest Silk Road and the Growth and Evolvement of Traditional Settlements in Sichuan

西南丝绸之路作为历史上蜀地与外界沟通的主要纽带之一,对四川省各民族历史文化的发展和传播起到了重要的作用,它不仅是一条功能性的交通线路,而且还是一条丰富的"文化走廊"。以古道这一交通线路与文化走廊为线索,对沿线聚落进行比较研究,并以典型聚落——宜宾、会理、芦山等为例,探讨古代交通方式对聚落选址、聚落分布以及聚落形态的形成等方面的作用。结果发现在西南丝绸之路上作为交通要塞的传统聚落具有特别的空间格局、景观形态与民族文化特色。通过对传统聚落发展变化的适应性分析,揭示了这些城镇村落生长与演变的内在动因和规律,为城镇的有机更新提供了科学依据,为乡土聚落的研究提供了新的视角,同时丰富了宏观的地域景观研究。

As one of the major ancient roads in the history, Southwest Silk Road which was not only the functional transportation roads but the colorful corridors of culture played a significant role in the development and proliferation of histories and cultures of the nations in Sichuan Province. With the clues, sites, distributions and morphologies of the settlements in relation to the roads, with a particular reference to the historic towns of Yibin, Huili, Lushan, have been comparatively studied. The results show that the settlements sited in the fortresses of the traffic roads are of a distinguishing feature in terms of spatial morphologies and national characteristics. A further adaptive analysis of the settlements has indicated the internal drives and rules of the development and transformation of the towns. These findings have laid a scientific foundation of the organic renovation of the settlements, provided a new perspective to the research on the towns and macroscopically enriched the understanding of local landscape culture.