地方高校国家重点学科分析

An Analysis of the National Key Disciplines of Local Universities

对我国地方高校国家重点学科进行首位分析和重要指数分析结果表明:第一,有20个省市区的国家重点学科首位高校为该省"211工程"重点建设大学;6个省市区的国家重点学科首位高校不是该省"211工程"重点建设大学,说明"211工程"高校在国家重点学科的数量上没有突出优势。第二,地方高校在竞争国家一级重点学科方面处于明显下风,拥有的国家一级重点学科数仅占总数的0.52%;而地方所属的国家"211工程"重点建设大学在竞争国家一级重点学科时表现还不如非"211工程"高校。第三,相比于部属高校,地方高校在竞争国家二级重点学科方面也处于劣势,拥有的国家二级重点学科数也只占总数的13.0%。第四,国家重点学科数的省际差异依然很大。

An analysis of the primacy ratio and the importance indexes of local universities shows that （ 1 ） in terms of national key disciplines, the primary universities in 20 provinces are ＂211＂ key universities while the primary universities in other 6 provinces are not, which means that ＂211＂ key universities may not have great advantage in the number of national key disciplines ; （2） in competing for first-level national key disciplines, local universities, which have only 0.52% of the total, are at an obvious disadvantage and the local ＂211＂ universities even lose the edge in the competition with other local universities; （3） however, compared with the schools affiliated to the ministries, in competing for the second-level national key disciplines, local universities, which account for only 13.0% of the total, are also in an inferior position; and （4） there is a great gap among provinces as to the number of national key disciplines.