两种不同发酵工艺的棉籽粕营养价值的研究

Effect of two different solid-state fermentation process on nutritional value of cottonseed meal

利用现代固态发酵原理,研究两种不同发酵工艺对棉粕脱毒效果及其营养价值的影响。工艺一是使用本实验室保存的两株菌直接进行固态发酵,工艺二是在工艺一的基础上添加酶解液进行固态发酵。试验结果表明(以干物质计),棉籽粕发酵和发酵酶解产品中游离棉酚分别降低到197.68 mg/kg和202.35 mg/kg,粗蛋白质分别提高到59.64%和60.88%,小肽含量分别提高到19.41%和23.59%。来航蛋公鸡强饲代谢试验结果表明,发酵和发酵酶解棉籽粕的能量和营养物质消化率均高于未发酵棉粕。肉鸡饲养试验结果表明,发酵棉粕按50%、75%和发酵酶解棉粕按75%的比例替代基础日粮中的豆粕,不影响肉鸡的日采食量。国标二级高游离棉酚棉籽粕经过固态发酵处理后,外观蓬松变软,气味芳香,其营养价值得到显著改善。蛋公鸡的营养物质及能量消化率得到显著提高,同时益生菌及生物酶活性增加,在肉仔鸡日粮中的应用不影响日采食量。

The gossypol detoxification and nutritional value by solid-state fermentation on cottonseed meal（CM） were investigated in this experiment. One Method is solid-state fermented by two strains probi-oties （FCM）. Another method is solid-state fermented adding enzymatic hydrolyzate of alealase and flawmrzvme on the basis of method one （FECM） . The experiment showed that the solid-state fermenta-tion could decrease free gossypol content. The free gossypol content of CM is decreased to 197.68 mg/kg by method one. The free gossypol content of FECM is decreased to 202.35 mg/kg by another method. Crude protein content in fermented CM was increased to 59.64%,60.88% and small peptides content in fermented CM was inereased to 19.41%,23.59%. The results of metabolism trials showed that the nutri- ents digestibility in roosters of fermented CM and fermentation of enzymatic CM is better than unfer-mented CM. Feeding experiment. The control feed was added SBM according to the; feeding standard of broilers. Group A ,B was added FCM according to the feeding standard of broilers at 50%, 75% levels to replace responding SBM. Group C was added fermentation of enzymatic cottonseed meal at 75% levels to replace responding SBM. The feeding experiment showed that compared with control, it had no signif-icant effect on average daily feed intake After solid-state fermentation and fermentation of enzymatic, the quality of CM was improved, the appearance is fluffy, the enzyme activity content in fermented CM is increased. However fermented CM increased the digestion and absorption rate of animals. It had no sig-nifieant effect on average daily feed intake when adding fermentation cottonseed meal in broiler diets.