教育科学研究:一个有关实证方法论的讨论

Research in Educational Science:on Its Empirical Methods

对于教育科学,客观性及实证研究既是一种方法,也是一种方法论。实证方法是提升教育科学研究科学性的重要途径,也是评价教育科学研究科学性的重要标准和寻求教育科学学科自信的重要基础。然而,就教育科学研究的现实而言,缺少的不仅是作为教育科学研究"方法"的实证技术,更是缺少作为对实证方法科学理解的"方法论";不仅缺少作为教育科学研究客观化的"科学手段",更缺少作为对教育科学研究深刻把握的"科学态度"。教育科学要想真正获得尊严和自信,不能仅仅局限于教育科学研究的方法和技术,更不能沉眠于技术和方法的游戏之中而不能自拔,真正让教育科学获得尊严和自信的,应当是教育科学面对教育现象和实践问题时所具有的诠释能力和解决策略。

Objectivity and empiricism are method as well as methodology in educational science. Using empirical methods is critical to improving scientific research in educational science and important criterion for evaluation of the scientific nature of research in educational science. Furthermore, using empirical methods is an important basis of building confidence of research in educational science. However, as to the current situation of research in educational science, there are still defects not only in using scientific research method, namely empirical technique but also in understanding of empirical method, namely methodology; not only in scientific methods of objective research but also in scientific attitudes of understanding re- search in educational science. To reach confidence and dignity, research in educational science cannot be defined in executing methods and techniques and cannot indulge in utilizing methods and techniques. What brings confidence and dignity to educa- tional science should be the ability of explaining education phenomena and solving practical problems.