室内挥发性有机化合物污染与儿童哮喘关系的研究

Relationship between Indoor Air Pollution by Volatile Organic Compounds and Childhood Asthma

目的探讨室内挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)污染与儿童哮喘之间的关系,为进一步深入研究提供基础资料,同时也为儿童哮喘的防治提供相关的建议与措施。方法采用病例-对照流行病学研究设计,问卷调查儿童哮喘病例和对照各50例的相关信息,并测定其室内空气中VOCs浓度。结果病例组室内VOCs浓度高于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将室内VOCs浓度从低到高分为4个等级,各等级的室内VOCs平均浓度均未超过国家标准(0.60 mg/m3)。总趋势OR值表明,在调整混杂因素(性别、年龄、民族、父母吸烟史、哮喘家族史)前后,室内VOCs浓度平均升高一个等级可以使儿童患哮喘的危险性分别增加0.77倍和0.78倍。结论室内VOCs浓度的升高可以使儿童哮喘发作的危险性增加。居室内VOCs浓度即使在空气质量标准范围内,仍有可能对敏感人群产生健康危害。

Objective To study whether there was a relationship between the indoor air volatile organic compounds （VOCs） exposure and childhood asthma. Methods A case-control study was carried out to collect the information of the 50 cases and 50 controls. All subjects＇ indoor air samples were collected and assayed for the concentration by standard methods. Results The concentration of indoor air VOCs was significantly higher in the case group than that in controls （P〈0.05）; After ranking the concentration of indoor air VOCs into four quarters, the concentration values in every rank did not exceed the Chinese national standard （0.60 mg/m2）; The unadjusted total trend OR value showed that the risk of childhood asthma would be increased 0.77 times, and after being adjusted by gender, age, nation, etc, the OR value increased 0.78 with the indoor air VOCs exposure increasing each quarter of concentration. Conclusion The indoor air VOCs pollution may increase the risk of childhood asthma. Moreover, even though under the standard concentration, the indoor air VOCs pollution will still be harmful to the sensitive people.