饮水高氟区成年人氟斑牙患病和氟中毒认知及影响因素调查

Prevalence of Dental Fluorosis,Social Characteristics and Status of Awareness in Adults with High Level of Fluoride Exposure

目的了解饮水高氟区成年人氟斑牙患病、氟中毒认知情况。方法于2009年以分层整群抽样法选取江苏省丰县地区的558位成年居民进行访谈式问卷调查，了解社会特征及氟中毒认知情况并进行评分及氟斑牙诊断。结果该地区成年人氟斑牙的检出率为79．2％，多因素logistic回归分析表明女性（OR=0．528，95％CI：0．321～0．867）及文化程度较高者（OR=0．717，95％讲：0．572～0．900）检出氟斑牙的概率较低，居住地在农村（OR=1．810，95％CI：120—2．925）及年龄较高者检出氟斑牙的概率较高（OR=2．109，95％CI：1．466～3．033）；居民的氟中毒相关知识总体正确率仅为33．7％，多因素分析结果表明文化程度较高（OR=1．680，95％ CI：1．382—2．042）及月均收入较高（OR=I．296，95％CI：1.022-1．643）的居民其得高分概率较高。结论该地区氟斑牙流行较重，应关注低收入、低文化群体氟中毒知识的健康教育，提高居民对氟斑牙的认知。

Objective To study the prevalence of dental fluorosis,social characteristics and status of awareness in adults with high level of fluoride exposure through drinking water, and to provide evidence for setting up relevant health education program. Methods A cross-sectional study on 558 residents from three communities was conducted in Feng county through face-to-face interview. Cluster random sampling method was used . Data was described and analyzed by adequate statistic methods. Results The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 79.2%. Six social characteristic factors showed statistical significance with the degrees of fluorosis in adult residents including gender, age, residential area, education, personal outcomes and occupation（P〈0.05）. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that gender（OR--0.528） and educational level（OR--O.717） were protective factors,while age （0R=2.109） and residential area （OR=l.810） were risk factors. The total awareness rate of fluorosis was 33.7%. Gender, age, residential area, education, personal outcomes and occupation were significantly influencing factors for mastering the fluorosis knowledge. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the residents having hingh educational level and higher income level would get higher score. Conclusion It is necessary to implement fluorosis heath education aimed at promoting awareness of the fluorosis among residents with high level of fluoride exposure.