X线引导下遥控经皮肾穿刺定位装置的动物实验

Research and animal experiment of a remote-control locating device under the radiographic guidancefor percutaneous nephrolithotomy

目的介绍一种自主开发的x线引导下遥控经皮肾穿刺定位装置，并开展小规模的动物实验检验其应用效果。方法选取5只实验小型猪，通过体外植石法制成动物肾结石模型，分别在x线引导下应用遥控经皮肾穿刺定位装置进行穿刺前定位，再沿定位后的角度向目标结石进行穿刺。结果其中4只实验猪定位完成后，一次性穿刺到位，穿刺过程中无一只明显出血。开始定位至穿刺完成的平均时间为20．7min，其中定位时间平均15．6min，穿刺时间平均5．1min。结论该穿刺定位装置能提高穿刺准确性及安全性，且为远程遥控，避免术者受辐射损伤，有进一步开发并应用至临床的良好前景。

Objective To introduce an independently developed remote-control locating device under the radiographic guidance for percutaneous nephrolithotomy （PCNL） and conduct small-scale animal experiment to test its application effect. Methods Five experimental minipigs were selected. And an animal model of nephrolithotomy was established by implanting stones from outside the body. This locating device for PCNL was used to locate before puncture under the radiographic guidance and then begin puncturing to the target stone following the located angle. Results Four pigs achieved single puncture after localization. During the puncture process, no obvious hemorrhage occurred. The average time from starting locating to finishing puncture was 20. 7 min, the average time of locating 15.6 min and the average time of puncture 5.1 min. Conclusions This remote-control type of locating device can improve the accuracy and safety of puncture and minimize the radioactive exposure to operators. Thus it has an excellent perspective of further development and clinical application.