自噬在肥胖中的研究进展

Research advance in autophagy in obesity

自噬是广泛存在于真核细胞内的一种溶酶体依赖性降解途径。它是细胞对内外界环境压力变化的一种反应。根据细胞将其底物运送到溶酶体腔内方式的不同，自噬可分为大自噬、小自噬和分子伴侣介导的自噬。生理条件下大自噬（以下简称自噬）主要受外界提供的营养物质调节；此外，还受一些与营养物质供应有关的激素调控，包括高血糖素和胰岛素等。肥胖是体内脂肪过多的状态，大多是由缺乏体力活动和（或）摄取能量过多所造成的能量失衡所致，与胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症密切相关。

Obesity is a harmful nutritional metabolic disorder to human health. Autophagy is a catabolic mech- anism whereby ceils degrade intracellular substances. Recent studies show that autophagy was closely correlated with insulin resistance, fat composing, and lipid droplet and triglycefide accumulation. Here, we review the association between auto- phagy and obesity, which may provide theoretical and experimental evidence for prevention of obesity and related diseases.