蚯蚓活动对生态滤池土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of Earthworm on the Soil Enzyme Activities in the Eco-filter

通过构建蚯蚓生态滤池和无蚯蚓对照生态滤池的实验,研究了蚯蚓活动对生态滤池土壤酶活性（蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶）的影响以及酶活性的季节动态变化特征。研究结果表明,在0~20 cm的基质层,三种土壤酶活性随土壤深度的增加而减少;蚯蚓活动对生态滤池的基质酶活性有促进作,蔗糖酶和脲酶活性在蚯蚓作用下得到显著的提高,而碱性磷酸酶对蚯蚓活动的响应仅限于5~10 cm基质层;在试验期内,生态滤池内的蚯蚓数量及生物量受温度及土壤湿度的影响表现出较大的季节波动：夏季最高,春季冬季相对较高,秋季最低;三种土壤酶活性表现为相似的季节变化规律：秋季活性最高,而秋季和夏季的酶活性高于春季和冬季。蚯蚓活动对生态滤池基质土壤蔗糖酶活性和脲酶显著的促进作用,并间接影响了其对生活污水污染物去除效果。

The domestic sewage in rural areas was treated by vermifiher （＋E） and ordinary eco-fiher without earthworms （-E）, and it was studied that the effects of earthworms on the characteristics of three soil enzymes （e.g. invertase, urease, alkaline phosphatase） and seasonal variation of soil enzyme activities. Results showed that the soil enzyme activities in the eco-filter were decreased gradually with the depth of soil profile, and enhanced with the presence of earthworms. Compared with ordinary eco-fiher, significant evolutions were observed in invertase and urease activities in vermifitration with earthworms input, while the enhancement effects of earthworms on alkaline phosphatase activities was only limited in the layer 5 - 10 era. During the period of experiment, the mean individuals and biomass of earthworms in the vermifilter showed a seasonal variation because of variations of temperature and soil humidity. And the seasonal variations of invertase, urease, alkaline phosphatase activities were similar in two types of eco-filter： the maximum activities were observed in autumn, and the enzyme activities were relatively higher in summer and autumn than spring and winter. In general, the addition of earthworms to the ecc-fiher strongly enhanced the invertase and urease activities, and affected the sewage treatment efficiency indirectly.