仿生植物附着微生物膜对污染水体氮素迁移转化效能分析

Nitrogen removal efficiency from wastewater by using biofilm attached onto the bionic macrophytes

通过室外及室内控制试验,研究5种常见填料作为原材料制成的仿生植物对污染水体氮素的去除性能,结果表明,仿生植物原材料的差异将直接影响其附着生物膜特性,其附着生物膜量、硝化强度、反硝化强度以及硝化细菌、反硝化细菌均表现为:软性填料﹥组合填料﹥悬浮填料﹥立体弹性填料﹥半软性填料。水深对仿生植物附着生物膜亦有不同程度的影响,其中生物膜量随水深的增加并未表现出明显的分层效应,而生物膜硝化作用强度、硝化细菌随水深的增加逐渐降低,但生物膜反硝化作用强度、反硝化细菌则随水深的增加则呈现出逐渐增加的趋势。5种不同材质的仿生植物对水体TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N具有较好的去除效果,去除率表现为:软性填料﹥组合填料﹥悬浮填料﹥立体弹性填料﹥半软性填料﹥对照系统。同时,仿生植物种植密度也影响其对水体氮素的去除效果,表现为CK<7株·m-3<13株·m-3<20株·m-3,研究结果将为仿生植物的野外实际应用及我国城市重污染河道水质原位修复提供技术支持。

Five packing including to flexible,combined,suspended,elastic and semi-flexible packing,were selected and made into different bionic macrophysics.Their capacities of removing nitrogen form wastewater were evaluated by indoor and outdoor experiments.Results shows that the biofilm attached onto the surface of bionic macrophysics were significantly different.The ranked order of biomass,nitrification capacity,denitrification capacity,nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria were as follows： flexible ﹥combined﹥suspended﹥elastic﹥semi-flexible packing.The nitrification capacity and nitrifying bacteria decreased significantly with the increasing of water depth,however,the denitrification capacity and denitrifying bacteria significantly increased with the increasing of water depth.Five bionic macrophysics can be used to substantially increase the removal of contamination from wastewater compared with those without bionic macrophysics systems（p〈0.05）.The ranked order of nitrogen removal efficiencies were as follows： flexible﹥combined﹥suspended﹥elastic﹥semi-flexible packing.Meanwhile,nitrogen removal efficiencies were also influenced by bionic macrophysics density and the removal efficiency of TN,NH4＋-N,NO3--N ranked order were as follows： CK〈7 plant·m-3〈13 plant·m-3〈20 plant·m-3.These findings would help provide suitable technical parameters to remove contamination and improve water quality in heavy pollution riverway by using the bionic macrophysics.