口腔正畸治疗中牙釉质脱矿的临床观察

Clinic observation of enamel demineralization during oral orthodontic treatment

目的通过对口腔正畸患者在固定矫治器使用中出现牙釉质脱矿的临床观察,了解病损情况及发病原因。方法对60例口腔正畸(1396颗牙)患者佩戴固定矫治器前后的牙釉质脱矿情况进行观察分析。结果使用固定矫治器后牙釉质脱矿的发生率显著升高,矫治前有82颗牙发生牙釉质脱矿,脱矿率5.87%,矫治后有227颗发生了釉质脱矿,脱矿率16.26%,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。牙釉质脱矿多集中在上颌侧牙,发生率29.91%;发生部位多位于正畸托糟龈方的釉质区域,占14.32%。结论固定矫治器引起牙釉质脱矿是正畸治疗值得关注的问题,加强口腔卫生习惯及采取必要的预防措施可有效预防或减轻牙釉质脱矿的发生。

Objective To observe enamel demineralization during oral orthodontic treatment so as to find out lesion and understand causes of the disease.Methods 60 cases（1396 teeth） who had received the orthodontic treatment were observed and analyzed in terms of enamel demineralization.Results The incidence rate of enamel demineralization was significantly higher with fixation appliances.82 teeth developed enamel demineralization before the treatment,with a rate of 5.87%.After the treatment,enamel demineralization occurred in 227 of the 1396 teeth,with an incidence rate of 16.26 %.The difference was significant（P〈0.05）.Enamel demineralization was often confined to maxillary lateral incisors,with a rate of 29.91%.It often occurred on orthodontic bracket gingival party,with a rate of 14.32%.Conclusion It is worthwhile to pay attention to enamel demineralization during oral orthodontic treatment.It is highly recommended to prevent and reduce enamel demineralization through developing good oral hygiene habits and taking necessary precautionary measures.