碳关税:发达国家实施的可能性及中国的应对策略

The Likelihood of Levy Carbon Tariff from Developed Country and the Coping Strategy from China

尽管发达国家和发展中国对于开征碳关税的合规性、合理性存在很大争议。但鉴于发达国家在国际经济秩序中的主导地位,掌控着话语权,而发展中国家之间对碳关税缺乏统一协调的立场,因此发达国家未来单方面实施碳关税政策的可能很大。为此,中国应当未雨绸缪,积极应对碳关税。中国需要从战略层面和政策层面采取对策,在战略层面,发展低碳经济是应对碳关税的根本手段;在政策层面,尽快在国内开征碳税可能是一种较好的政策选择。

It is still controversial in the perspective of rationality and compliance of levy carbon tariff. However, considering that developed countries have possessed the leading position in the international economic order, while developing countries usually have disunited opinions. So it is very likely that developed countries levy the carbon tariff unilaterally in the near future. Therefore, China needs to prepare for the possible challenge, by using tactical and political approaches. In tactical approach, low carbon industries need to be encouraged to develop; as to political approach, to levy carbon tax domestically helps industries to prepare for new challenges.