碱化土壤油用向日葵养分吸收、运转特点的研究

Research on characteristics of nutrient uptake and operation of oilseed sunflower in alkaline soil

为探明在盐碱胁迫条件下氮磷钾养分在油用向日葵植株体内的动态变化特点、各器官中运转与分布等,采用土壤测试与大田试验相结合的方法,研究了宁夏前进农场碱化土壤油用向日葵氮磷钾养分吸收、运转特点。研究结果表明,无论施肥与否,油用向日葵地上部氮磷钾含量变化随着生育期的推移变化呈现反"S"曲线降低趋势。碱化土壤油用向日葵各器官氮磷钾含量动态变化因施肥水平和生育期不同表现出不同的变化趋势。无论施肥与否油用葵整个生育期各器官中总吸氮量依次为:叶>盘>茎>根>籽;吸磷量依次为:盘>茎>叶>籽>根;吸钾量依次为:茎>盘>叶>根>籽。

The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics the dynamic changes, operation and distribu- tion of NPK nutrients in the organs of oil sunflower plant body in salinity-alkalinity stress conditions. In combination of soil test with field test method, a research was carried out on the characteristics of NPK nutrient uptake and operation of sunflower in alkaline soil in Qianjin farm. The results show that the dynamic changes of NPK contents in the aerial part of oilseed sunflower present a decreasing trend shaped as opposite ＂S＂ curve, which changed with the change of fertiliza- tion level and growth stage. The dynamic changes of NPK contents in various orggns of oilseed sunflower plant in alkaline soil show different trends in various fertilization levels and growth stages. Mo matter with or without fertilization, the total n NPK absorption of the organs of oilseed sunflower is as follows ： N ： leaf 〉 disc 〉 stem 〉 root ; seed, P ： disc 〉 stem 〉 leaf 〉 seeds 〉 root, K ： stem 〉 disc 〉 leaf 〉 root 〉 seed.