2011年海口市美兰区居民2型糖尿病流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Residents in Meilan District of Haikou City in 2011

目的探讨海口市美兰区2型糖尿病(T2DM)的流行病学现状并分析其可能危险因素。方法对美兰区居住≥5年的居民,在社区卫生服务中心慢性病管理系统中采用分层随机抽样,抽取3 000人,查阅健康档案、体检资料、调查问卷资料。采用Excel、Epi Data 3.0录入数据,SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 T2DM患病率为8.2%(男7.0%,女9.8%),不同人口学特征的人群间、不同体重人群间、不同生化指标人群间其患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),年龄、BMI、糖尿病家族史、体力活动减少、高血压、高甘油三酯(TG)、高总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)低、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)高、向心性肥胖等是T2DM可能危险因素。结论海口市美兰区居民2011年T2DM现况不容乐观,需要加强三级预防、规范档案管理、定期筛检普通人群和高危人群、健康教育、提高知信行水平、提高病人自我管理能力。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological status of type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）in Meilan District of Haikou city and analyze the possible risk factors.Methods A total of 3,000 people were sampled from residents living in Meilan District for no less than 5 years by stratified random sampling and with the help of chronic disease management system in the community health service centers.Their health records,medical examination information,and questionnaire data were investigated.Excel Epi Data and SPSS17 software were used for data entry and statistical analysis.Results The prevalence rate of T2DM was 8.2%（male 7.0% and female 9.8%）.It was significantly different among groups with different demographic characteristics,with different weight and different biochemical indices（all P0.01）.Age,BMI,family history of diabetes,reduced physical activity,hypertension,high triglyceride（TG）,high total cholesterol（TC）,low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）,high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） and central obesity were the possible risk factors for T2DM.Conclusions T2DM status among residents in Meilan District of Haikou in 2011 is not optimistic.It is necessary to strengthen tertiary prevention,standardize file management,regularly screen general and high-risk population,enhance health education,raise knowledge,attitudes and practice（KAP） level and improve the self-management skills of the patients.