婚姻关系中的性别角色与家务分工

Sex roles and division of household labor in married couples

目的:探讨已婚成人性别角色与家务分工的关系。方法:用滚雪球抽样抽取以西南地区为主的<65岁的已婚夫妇279对,用贝姆性别角色量表(BSRI)及自编家务分工调查表进行调查,分析性别角色类型(男性化、女性化、双性化、未分化)、性别气质得分与家务分工的关系。结果:已婚成人的性别角色类型的分布中,未分化型的比例高于其他3种类型(47.0%vs.19.0%,23.1%,10.9%,P<0.01)。女性的家务贡献率均值高于男性[(0.65±0.18)vs.(0.33±0.18),P<0.01];4种性别角色类型女性的家务贡献率均高于男性(均P<0.01)。多元回归分析显示,男性的男性气质得分与家务贡献率负相关(β=-0.36,P<0.01),男性的女性气质得分与家务贡献率正相关(β=0.35,P<0.01)。结论:在已婚成人群体中,男性的性别角色与家务分工有密切联系,男性的性别角色类型及性别气质可能与其家务贡献率有关。

Objective： To study the relationship between sex role and division of housq hold labor in married couples. Methods： Totally 279 couples who were under 65 years old and living in the southwest area were selected by snowball sampling. They were required to complete the Bem＇s Sex Role Inventory （BSRI） and the self-produced division of household labor questionnaire in order to explore how sex role （masculine, feminiae, androgyny and un- differentiated type） and gender traits scores impact on the division of housework. Results： The proportion of the undifferentiated type was higher than the other three types of sex role （4710% vs. 19.0%, 23.1%, 10. 9%, P 〈0. 01）. Women did about twice more housework than their husbands [（0. 65±0. 18） vs （0. 33±0. 18）, P 〈 0.01 ]. The contribution of housework was negatively correlated with men＇s masculine trait scores （β = -0. 36, P 〈 0.01） and positively correlated with men＇s feminine trait scores （β = 0. 35, P 〈 0. 01）. Concluasion： It suggests that the sex role may have greater effect on men＇s housework behavior than on women＇s, men＇s sex role type and their sex trait may be related to their division of household labor.