山西五鹿山植物物种多样性及其海拔梯度格局

Plant Diversity and Its Elevational Gradient Patterns in Wulu Mountain, Shanxi, China

采用典型取样法,沿海拔梯度对五鹿山自然植被进行调查。结果表明:五鹿山主要群落类型为辽东栎(Quercus wutaishanica)群落、油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)群落、茶条槭(Acer ginnala)群落、白皮松(Pinus bungeana)群落、暴马丁香-茶条槭(Syringa reticulate-Acer ginnala)群落和白桦(Betula platyphylla)群落。其中,辽东栎群落略占优势,这可能暗示着该地区植被具有继续向暖温带落叶阔叶林演替的倾向。各层次植物物种丰富度呈现出草本层>灌木层>乔木层特征,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Simpson多样性指数整体规律为草本层>灌木层>乔木层。以五鹿山森林群落不同层次的各种物种多样性指数和森林群落总体重要值为测度指标,均暗示着五鹿山植被演替正处于亚顶极群落阶段。五鹿山植物多样性沿海拔梯度呈现出近似中海拔高的单峰格局,这是由于植物物种多样性受温度、湿度、人为等因素干扰。

Samplings were gathered and examined in forests along altitudinal gradients of Wulu Mountain, China. The results indicated that the major communities in the forests can be classified as Quercus wutaishanica, Pinus tabulaeformis, Acer ginnala, Betula platyphylla, Pinus bungeana, Syringa reticulate- Acer ginnala and Betula platyphylla community. Our research suggests that the Quercus wutaishanica community appears to be a dominant community in a successional stage toward temperate deciduous broad-leaved forests. The species richness in different layers of these communities can be distinguished as, herb layer 〉 shrub layer 〉 tree layer. Both the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Simpson diversity index showed similar patterns. The species diversity indices of different layers and overall importance value of the forest communities indicate that the forests appear to he successional and sub-eli- max communities in Wulu Mountain. Our research also suggests that there is a peak with higher species diversity in- dex in the communities of middle elevation. We suggested that the pattern could be affected by temperature, mois- ture, and human disturbance. The pattern could also be influenced by the nature of successional stages and sub-cli- max communities.