2型糖尿病患者受教育水平与心血管危险因素的控制：9921例临床分析

Education level and cardiac risk factors in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus： analysis of 9 921 cases

目的分析2型糖尿病患者的受教育水平与心血管危险因素控制的关系。方法收集糖尿病并发症筛查且心血管危险因素等指标资料齐全的2型糖尿病患者的临床资料。按患者受教育程度由低到高分为四组，比较和分析四组患者心血管危险因素控制情况。结果共入选2型糖尿病患者9921例，其中合并两种以上心血管危险因素的患者占57．3％。随着文化水平的升高，女性构成比增加，血压、心率、空腹血糖、餐后血糖、HbAlc、胰岛素抵抗指数、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿白蛋白／肌酐比值逐渐降低，血尿酸逐渐升高。总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血压、空腹血糖、腰围、HbAlc治疗控制达标率逐渐升高，代谢综合征患病率下降。结论受教育水平低的2型糖尿病患者心血管危险因素的控制率低。有更高的多种心血管危险因素集簇。

Objective To investigate the correlationship between education level and cardiac risk factors in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. Methods The diabetic patients, who underwent diabetic complication assessment and had clinical data for cardiac risk factors screening were enrolled. The subjects were divided into 4 groups according to their education level. The controlling state of cardiac risk factors was compared between 4 groups. Results Totally 9921 patients entered the study. The diabetic patients carrying more than two cardiac risk factors （patients with metabolic syndrome） accounted for 57.3%. With the elevation of education level, the proportion of female patients increased; the blood pressure, heart rate, fasting plasma glucose（FPG）, 2-hour postprandial glucose, HbAlc, HOMA-insulin resistance, total cholesterol（TC）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）, low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）, and urine albumin/ereatinine ratio decreased; uric acid increased; the qualifying rate for control of TC, HDL-C, blood pressure, FPG, waist circumference and HbAlc increased gradually; prevalence of MS decreased. Conclusions The T2DM patients with low education level have lower qualifying rate of cardiac risk factors and carry more cardiac risk factors.