氨基酸肥料对大豆叶片光合作用与产量的影响

Effects of amino-acid fertilizer on leaf photosynthesis and yield of soybean

以泗洪县和兴化市两地区主栽的大豆品种‘高丰1号’和‘大豆王’为材料,研究了喷施氨基酸肥料对植株叶片光合特性、农艺性状、产量与品质的影响。结果表明:喷施氨基酸肥料能够显著提高大豆叶片SPAD值、净光合速率(Pn)、PSⅡ反应中心最大量子效率(φPo)和捕获的激子将电子传递到QA-以远其他电子受体的概率(ψo),减少PSⅡ反应中心吸收光能用于热耗散的量子比率(φDo)。其中泗洪‘高丰1号’的φPo值增加9.5%,兴化‘大豆王’的ψo值增加23%。氨基酸肥料处理还显著增加产量,‘高丰1号’的百粒质量增加10%,单株产量增加39%,每m2产量增加64%;‘大豆王’的百粒质量增加8.6%,单株产量增加22.6%,每m2产量增加22%。并且,氨基酸肥料处理提高了豆粒维生素C、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸以及蛋白质含量。

Experiments were conducted in two areas,i.e Sihong County and Xinghua City,Jiangsu Province,with amino-acid fertilizer to explore the effect on plant photosynthetic characteristics,agronomic characters,yield and quality.The results showed that spraying amino-acid fertilizer significantly increased the leaf SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,the maximum quantum yield of PSⅡ（φPo）and the probability that a trapped exciton moves an electron into the electron transport chain beyond Q-A（Ψo）.However,it depressed heat dissipation（φDo）of PSⅡ reaction center.Among them,φPo value of Sihong soybean variety＇Gaofeng 1＇increased 9.5%,and Ψo value of Xinghua soybean variety＇Dadouwang＇increased 23%.It also significantly improved the yield of soybean,100-seeds weight of＇Gaofeng 1＇increased 10%,yield per plant increased 39%,yield per m2 increased 64%;and 100-seeds weight of＇Dadouwang＇increased 8.6%,yield per plant increased 22.6%,yield per m2 increased 22%.And the amino-acid fertilizer treatment improved the content of vitamin C,soluble sugars,free amino-acid and protein.