立体视觉缺损对弱视儿童弱视眼视功能的影响分析

Analysis on the effect of stereopsis deficit on visual function of amblyopic eye in children with amblyopia

目的:探究立体视觉缺损对弱视儿童弱视眼的视力、游标视力及对比敏感度的影响。方法:采集了257例弱视患者的立体视觉及弱视眼的视力、游标视力、边界对比敏感度和光栅视力数据,并用SPSS及MatLab软件进行统计分析。结果:①在相同的光栅视力水平下,成人弱视中有立体视觉组(立体视≤800 s)弱视眼的视力、游标视力和边界对比敏感度与无立体视觉组(立体视>800 s)相比,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000 4,P=0.006 2,P=0.031 8);②在相同的光栅视力水平下,弱视儿童中有立体视觉组弱视眼的视力与无立体视觉组相比,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000 2);③在相同的光栅视力水平下,弱视儿童中有立体视觉组弱视眼的游标视力、边界对比敏感度与无立体视觉组相比,差异无统计学意义(P=0.115 8,P=0.260 2)。结论:弱视儿童弱视眼的视力在无立体视觉的情况下缺损更严重,而游标视力和对比敏感度无显著的变化。但在视觉发育敏感期后,无立体视觉的弱视患者弱视眼的游标视力显著差于有立体视觉的患者。因此,在弱视的治疗过程中,对于无立体视觉的患儿,当弱视眼的视力恢复到一定水平后,应该积极配合立体视觉训练,以助于弱视眼的康复。

Objective： To explore the effect of stereopsis deficit on visual acuity, vernier acuity, and contrast sensitivity of amblyopic eye in children with amblyopia. Methods ： The data of stereoscopic vision, visual acuity, vernier acuity, and edge contrast sensitivity of amblyopic eye, and grating vision of 257 patients with amblyopia were collected, SPSS and MatLab software were used for statistical analysis. Results： Under the circumstance of the same grating vision, there was statistically significant difference in the visual acuity, vernier acuity, and edge contrast sensitivity of amblyopic eye between the adults in stereoscopic vision group （stereoscopic vision ≤ 800 arc sec） and the adults in non - stereoscopic vision group （ stereoscopic vision 〉 800 arc sec） （ P = 0. 000 4, P = 0. 006 2, P = 0. 031 8, respectively） . Under the circumstance of the same grating vision, there was statistically significant difference in the visual acuity of amblyopic eye between the amblyopic children in stereoscopic vision group and the amblyopic children in non - stereoscopic vision group （P = 0. 0002） ; but there was no statistically significant difference in the vernier acuity and edge contrast sensitivity of amblyopic eye between the amblyopic children in stereoscopic vision group and the amblyopic children in non -stereoscopic vision group （P=0. 115 8, P=0.260 2, respectively） . Conclusion： Visual deficit of amblyopic eye in children with amblyopia under the circumstance of lacking stereoscopic vision was more severer, but vernier acuity and edge contrast sensitivity of amblyopic eye didnl change obviously. After sensitive period of visual development, the vernier acuity of amblyopic eye in the amblyopic patients without stereoscopic vision was statistically significantly poorer than that in the amblyopic patients with stereoscopic vision. Thus, for the children without stereoscopic vision, after visual acuity of amblyopic eye return to a certain level, stereoscopic vision training should be conducted actively during the course of amblyopic treatment to recover amblyopic eye.