河北省小麦品种基于SSR标记的遗传多样性研究

Genetic diversity of bread wheat in Hebei province,China based on microsatellite markers

为了研究河北省小麦品种的遗传多样性,试验选用分布于小麦21条染色体上的86对多态性微卫星(SSR)引物,对建国近60年以来在河北省审(认)定的125个小麦品种进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明:86对SSR引物共检测到296个等位变异,每对引物检测到的等位基因数变幅为2～7个(平均3.83个),以B基因组具有最高的平均等位基因数(3.94),A(3.81)、D(3.78)基因组次之;每个SSR位点的多态性信息量(PIC)变化范围为0.094～0.877(平均0.573),3个基因组的PIC值顺序依次为B基因组(0.593)>D基因组(0.579)>A基因组(0.528)。125个品种间的遗传相似系数(GS)变幅为0.409～0.909(平均0.615),基于遗传相似系数(GS)的聚类分析得出,供试小麦品种在GS值0.52处聚为3类,其中20世纪90年代后的114份品种(91.2%)被聚为1类,表明河北省小麦品种的遗传多样性水平较低,品种间的亲缘关系较近,其遗传基础需要进一步拓宽。

In order to learn the genetic diversity of bread wheat （Triticum aestivum L. ） culti- vars in Hebei province, China, 86 polymorphic SSR primer sets covering the 21 chromosomes were used to detect the genetic diversity. The results showed that 296 allelic variations were revealed with the primer sets used, ranging from 2 to 7 （averaged at 3.83） ; polymorphic information content（PIC） among the SSR primers averaged at 0. 573, with the range between 0. 094 to 0. 877. Genetic similarity among the cultivars studied ranged from 0. 409 to 0. 909 with the average of 0. 615. Average allelic variation （3. 94） in B genome among different genomes ranked first, with D （3.81） and A （3.78） genome followed, respectively. PIC values averaged at 0. 573, with 13 （0. 593） genome being first. Cluster analysis revealed that genetic diversity in Hebei province was relatively iow, and the genetic basis of wheat in this region should be broaden.