跨流域供水水库群联合调度规则研究

Multi-reservoir operating rule in inter-basin water transfer-supply project

针对跨流域供水水库群联合调度存在的主从递阶结构,提出了调水规则和供水规则相结合的跨流域供水水库群联合调度规则。其中,调水规则由一组基于各水库蓄水量的调水控制线表示,根据其间的相对位置关系,决定是否调水,调水量如何分配等;供水规则由各库供水调度图表示,对应于不同用水户的限制供水线将水库的兴利库容分为若干调度区。建立了适合于主从递阶结构的水库群联合调度二层规划模型,采用并行种群混合进化的粒子群算法对模型进行求解。中国北方某大型跨流域调水工程的实例研究证明了模型的合理性和有效性。

In view of the Stackelberg structure of the multi-reservoir joint operation problem in inter-basin water transfer-supply project, this paper proposes a multi-reservoir joint operation policy, which consists of water transfer rule and water supply rule. In this study, a set of water transfer rule curves based on the storage of individual reservoir in the system is employed to illustrate the water transfer rule, which deter- mines the starting conditions of water transfer and the allocation of the transferred water. The water supply rule is presented using an operation chart, the hedging rule curves of which for each water user divide the reservoir active storage into several operation zones. Besides, this paper proposes a bi-level programming （BLP） model for the Stackelberg structure of the inter-basin muhi-reservoir joint operation problem, which includes the upper-level model for water transfer and the lower-level model for water supply. The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to solve the BLP model. An inter-basin water transfer project in North China is taken as the case study to verify the reasonability and validity of the model.